Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. Characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, ADHD can significantly impair an individual's academic, occupational, and social functioning.

ADHD manifests through a variety of symptoms that can be broadly categorized into inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Inattention

Individuals with ADHD often exhibit signs of inattention, which may include:

• Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities

• Frequent careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities

• Difficulty organizing tasks and activities

• Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli

• Forgetfulness in daily activities

• Avoidance or dislike of tasks that require sustained mental effort

• Trouble listening when spoken to directly

• Failure to follow through on instructions and complete tasks

• Losing items necessary for tasks and activities

Hyperactivity

Hyperactivity is another hallmark of ADHD, characterized by behaviours such as:

• Fidgeting with or tapping hands or feet

• Inability to remain seated in situations where it is expected

• Running or climbing in inappropriate situations

• Inability to play or engage in leisure activities quietly

• Excessive talking

• Acting as if driven by a motor

Impulsivity

Impulsivity symptoms include:

• Blurting out answers before questions have been completed

• Difficulty waiting for their turn

• Interrupting or intruding on others' conversations or activities

Diagnosing ADHD involves a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional, typically a psychologist, psychiatrist, or family doctor. The assessment process includes clinical interviews with the individual and other people who know them well, questionnaires to evaluate the frequency and severity of symptoms, and a medical examination to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms, such as hearing or vision problems, learning disabilities, or other medical conditions.

Effective management of ADHD involves a combination of approaches tailored to the individual's needs. These may include medications, cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), educational or workplace accommodations, and lifestyle management.

Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) focuses on identifying and changing unhelpful thought patterns that contribute to ADHD symptoms, as well as modifying behaviour through techniques such as developing structured routines, creating positive reinforcement, and enhancing interpersonal skills.

There are a number of things people can do to help themselves manage the symptoms of ADHD. Regular physical exercise, a balanced diet, sufficient sleep, consistent routines, and organized spaces can all be beneficial. Mindfulness or meditation practices can reduce the stress that can result from ADHD symptoms, and over time can even improve concentration.

ADHD is a complex and multifaceted disorder that can have far-reaching effects on an individual's health and quality of life. At ClearStream Psychology, we perform a thorough assessment to explore your history and symptoms, and help you make sense of what you’re dealing with. Then we collaborate with you to develop a customized treatment plan that meets your unique needs and treatment goals using effective therapeutic strategies supported by research. With the right support and strategies, you can learn to cope with your ADHD symptoms and make meaningful improvements to your well-being. Let us help you get back into the flow of life!